6. PERCY JULIAN: A FORGOTTEN GENIUS


SESSION 6

In this session we will take a look at the names of the tools chemists generally use in laboratories. Also, you will learn about Percy Julian, one of the most famous chemists ever.
Graphene

Image from Atico Export

In this session we will take a look at the names of the tools tools chemists use in laboratories. Also, you will learn about Percy Julian, one of the most famous chemists ever.

PART 1 - VOCABULARY

LAB TOOLS

A. Vocabulary challenge

The images and names of 20 laboratory tools are scrambled (disorganised). Drag the images to their right positions as fast as possible before you click on "Submit answers". Play against other students and show who's the best.

 NOTE: Click on the "Full screen" icon, because images are small.




STRUCTURE


  Watching
  • The uses of graphene
  Playing
  1. Take up the challenge and play against other students
   Reading
  • Freshman-level chemistry solves solubility mystery of graphene oxide films
  Comprehension
  1. Choose the right answer
  2. True/False


REMEMBER


Compulsory online activities on Madoc are PASS/FAIL and must be completed by the end of the semester.



SUGGESTIONS


Improve your English speaking, listening and writing skills with Duolingo, a free, fun-to-use app.

Duolingo.com


PART 2: Percy Julian, a forgotten genius.

Percy Lavon Julian (April 11, 1899 – April 19, 1975) was an American research chemist and a pioneer in the chemical synthesis of medicinal drugs from plants. He was the first to synthesize the natural product physostigmine, plus a pioneer in the industrial large-scale chemical synthesis of the human hormones progesterone and testosterone from plant sterols such as stigmasterol and sitosterol. His work laid the foundation for the steroid drug industry's production of cortisone, other corticosteroids, and birth control pills. (Wikipedia.org).
Continue reading...

 Before you watch: words and expressions in the video that you need to know.

Word Meaning Word Meaning
Calabar bean seed of a leguminous plant, a native of tropical Africa, poisonous to humans Glaucoma a group of eye conditions that damage the optic nerve
Scarce insufficient for the demand Made from scratch to create something from scratch is to make it without any ingredients or materials prepared ahead of time
Set out begin a journey (or project) Clumsy done without skill
Back on track to return to the right path, or the right direction To bristle to be covered with or abundant in
To tackle to make determined efforts to deal with a problem or difficult task To cajole to persuade
To outline to design Upstart a person who has risen suddenly in rank or importance, especially one who behaves arrogantly
Low yield producing little Around the clock 24 hours a day
To snatch to steal Blunder careless error
Armpit a hollow under the arm at the shoulder Irretrievably in a way that cannot be put right
Bombshell something or someone having a sudden and sensational effect Go-for-broke plan risk everything in an all-out effort
Milestone a significant stage or event in the development of something Accolade a mark of acknowledgment
B. Explain these phrases with your own words.

 NOTE: If you don't know the answers, you may wish to watch the video first.

1. A methyl group

2. Melting point

3. Total synthesis

4. An elegant synthesis

Now watch the video about Percy Julian and answer the questions

 NOTE: The video will show when answers to questions 1-10 are coming up.



C. Questions

1a. When and by whom was the Calabar bean brought back from Africa? What interesting substance does it contain?

2. Why was the synthesis of this substance an important challenge for Percy Julian?

3. Who was Robert Robinson? What was Percy Julian’s attitude towards him?

4. How does molecular synthesis work?

5. What techniques can be used to build a molecule?

6. What is a combustion train? Why did Julian use it?

7. Why did their 1934 paper increase the pressure on Julian and his colleague Pikl?

8. How did Julian determine that Robinson had the wrong molecule?

9. How does a chemist determine a melting point?

10. How was Percy Julian’s work received?

Source: http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/physics/forgotten-genius.html


PLACES


DePauw University

DePauw University
Indiana (US)



PEOPLE


Percy Julian

Percy Julian
Source: Wikipedia.org


Robert Robinson

Sir Robert Robinson
Source: Wikipedia.org



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TOPICS


Calabar bean plant

Calabar bean plant
Source: Wikipedia.org


Calabar bean

Calabar bean
Source: Invasive.org


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